Cambridge 7 Reading Test 1 - Answers With Explanation

1. Paragraph B lists other creatures that navigate without light, including "deep-sea fish and whales" and fish living in "extremely muddy water" — matching B.

2. Paragraph A explains that "our mammalian ancestors probably only managed to survive at all because they found ways of scraping a living at night" — matching A.

3. Paragraph A notes that "natural selection has favoured bats that make a go of the night-hunting trade", since the daytime economy was already exploited by birds — matching A.

4. Paragraph E credits scientific understanding of bats to "applying radar theory to them" — matching E.

5. Paragraph D describes how sound echoes were adapted "for the detection of submarines" during the Second World War — matching D.

6. The sensation is compared to "the referred pain in a phantom limb" rather than true touch on the face.

7. Blind people are actually "using echoes of their own footsteps and of other sounds" to sense obstacles.

8. Engineers had already built instruments "to measure the depth of the sea under a ship" before facial vision was explained.

9. The echo-detection principle was later adapted by weapons designers "for the detection of submarines."

10. Natural selection, not engineers, "had perfected the system tens of millions of years earlier" in bats — long before radar was invented.

11. Calling it bat radar is technically wrong because "they do not use radio waves"; it is sonar.

12. The passage notes that "the underlying mathematical theories of radar and sonar are very similar."

13. The term echolocation was coined by "the American zoologist Donald Griffin."

14. Paragraph A describes how Rome's aqueducts "supplied the occupants of Rome with as much water per person as is provided in many parts of the industrial world today" — heading xi, ancient water supplies.

15. Paragraph C notes that "preventable water-related diseases kill an estimated 10,000 to 20,000 children every day" — heading vii, the relevance to health.

16. Paragraph D reports that "more than 20% of all freshwater fish species are now threatened or endangered" because of dams — heading v, environmental effects.

17. Paragraph E states that "some water experts are now demanding that existing infrastructure be used in smarter ways" — heading i, a call for revised policy.

18. Paragraph F observes that "the demand for water is not rising as rapidly as some predicted" and has even fallen in places — heading ix, a surprising downward trend.

19. Paragraph G explains that "people have figured out how to use water more efficiently" — heading ii, an explanation for reduced water use.

20. Paragraph H insists new projects "must be built to higher specifications and with more accountability" — heading x, the need to raise standards.

21. The passage says "half of the world's population still suffers, with water services inferior to those available to the ancient Greeks and Romans" — per-person use is not higher today — NO.

22. "Food production has kept pace with soaring populations mainly because of the expansion of artificial irrigation systems" — YES.

23. The passage never states that modern systems imitate ancient Greek or Roman design — NOT GIVEN.

24. Despite continued industrial growth, "the rate at which people withdraw water from aquifers, rivers and lakes has slowed" — NO.

25. "Since 1980, the amount of water consumed per person has actually decreased, thanks to a range of new technologies" — YES.

26. The passage never discusses who should own or control water infrastructure in future — NOT GIVEN.

27. The book examines "radical new approaches to learning" broadly, not just one technique — matching D.

28. Lozanov's theory holds that peripheral details are recalled "long after we have forgotten what we set out to learn" — matching A.

29. The book and lecture examples show peripheral details, like "the colour, the binding, the typeface," are recalled more easily than the content itself, supporting the theory's validity — matching B.

30. Suggestopedia works by shifting "consciousness... away from the curriculum to focus on something peripheral" — matching C.

31. Between the two parts of the session the teacher's manner also changes, reading "slowly and solemnly" with books open, then "in a normal speaking voice" with books closed — not only the music — FALSE.

32. Students are led to expect that "learning will be easy and pleasant", not demanding — FALSE.

33. In the follow-up class students focus on communicating "through games or improvised dramatisations", methods the passage says "are not unusual in language teaching" — TRUE.

34. The passage never mentions any improvement in memory as a side benefit of the method — NOT GIVEN.

35. The passage never states whether teachers prefer suggestopedia to traditional methods — NOT GIVEN.

36. Students following the method can "regularly learn 1000 new words of a foreign language during a suggestopedic session" — TRUE.

37. Lozanov admits that "the ritual surrounding suggestion in his own system is also a placebo" — the blank is filled by 'ritual'.

38. The same sentence confirms that this ritual "is also a placebo" — the blank is filled by 'placebo'.

39. Suggestopedia "has gained some notoriety through success in the teaching of modern languages" — it has become well known.

40. Since "few teachers are able to emulate the spectacular results of Lozanov", most other teachers' results remain unspectacular.